# Percentage Change

Lesson

We know that percentages are used to describe parts of wholes, and that whole is represented as $1$1 or $100%$100% as a percentage. This is important when we come to talk about complementary percentages, which are percentages that add together to give a whole.

Let's say we knew that $30%$30% of a class is made up of people who wear glasses, how do we know what percentage does NOT wear glasses? Well, we know that glasses-wearers and non-wearers are the only two possible groups, so together they must make a whole = $100%$100%. That means the percentage of people who don't wear glasses is $100%-30%=70%$100%30%=70%. This can be represented in the following pie chart:

## How much to pay?

We can use what we've learnt above to help calculate things when shopping! Let's say I wanted to buy a car for $\$12000$$12000 and I had to pay a 15%15% deposit. Now I want to know is: how much do I have to pay after already putting down a deposit? There are two ways to do this. ##### Method 1 One way is to figure out how much the deposit is worth and then taking it away from \12000$$12000

To find out the value of the deposit, we would multiply the two amounts:

 $12000\times15%$12000×15% $=$= $\frac{12000\times15}{100}$12000×15100​ $=$= $120\times15$120×15 $=$= $1800$1800

So the deposit is $\$1800$$1800. That means there is \12000-\1800=\10200$$12000$1800=$10200 left to be paid.

##### Method 2

What is the other way? Well we know that $15%$15% of the price is the deposit, therefore the part left to pay must be $100%-15%=85%$100%15%=85%.

 $85%\times12000$85%×12000 $=$= $\frac{85\times12000}{100}$85×12000100​ $=$= $85\times120$85×120 $=$= $\$10200$$10200 Wow, we get the same answer but working differently with percentages first! Both methods are valid, so have a think about how you might use one or the other in different problems. #### Worked Examples ##### QUESTION 1 We want to increase 13001300 by 40%40% by following the steps outlined below. 1. First find 40%40% of 13001300. 2. Add the percentage increase to the original amount to find the amount after the increase. 3. Calculate 140%140% of 13001300. 4. Is increasing an amount by 40%40% equivalent to finding 140%140% of that amount? Yes A No B Yes A No B ##### QUESTION 2 Steph is going to buy a hat that is marked as 25%25% off. The original price was \36$$36.

1. What is the value of the discount in dollars?

2. What is the price that Steph will pay for the hat?

### Outcomes

#### NA4-3

Find fractions, decimals, and percentages of amounts expressed as whole numbers, simple fractions, and decimals