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VCE 12 Methods 2023

3.02 Transformation of sine and cosine

Worksheet
Transformations of sine and cosine
1

Consider the graphs of \\ y = \cos x and y = \cos x + 2 shown:

Describe how to transform the graph of \\ y = \cos x to get y = \cos x + 2.

\frac{1}{2}π
x
-1
1
2
3
y
2

The function y = \cos x + 5 is translated 4 units up.

a

Write down the equation of the new function after the translation.

b

What is the maximum value of the new function?

3

Which of the following functions has a different amplitude to y = \cos x?

A

y = \cos 3 x

B

y = \cos \left( x - 3 \right)

C

y = \cos x + 3

D

y = 3 \cos x

4

Determine the equation of the graphed function given that it is of the form \\ y = a \sin x or y = a \cos x.

\frac{1}{2}π
\frac{3}{2}π
x
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
y
5

Determine the equation of the graphed function given that it is of the form \\ y = \sin b x or y = \cos b x, where b is positive.

\frac{1}{2}π
\frac{3}{2}π
\frac{5}{2}π
\frac{7}{2}π
x
-1
-0.5
0.5
1
y
6

Consider the graph of y = \sin x:

At which value of x in the given domain would y = - \sin x have a maximum value?

\frac{1}{2}π
\frac{3}{2}π
x
-1
1
y
7

Consider the function y = - 3 \cos x.

a

State the maximum value of the function.

b

State the minimum value of the function.

c

State the amplitude of the function.

d

State the two transformations that are required to turn the graph of y = \cos x into the graph of y = - 3 \cos x.

8

Determine whether f\left(x\right)=\sin 2 x is an odd function, even function, or neither.

9

The functions f \left( x \right) and g \left( x \right) = f \left( kx \right) have been graphed on the same set of axes below.

-\frac{3}{4}π
-\frac{1}{2}π
-\frac{1}{4}π
\frac{1}{4}π
\frac{1}{2}π
\frac{3}{4}π
x
-1
1
y
a

Describe the transformation required to obtain the graph of g\left(x\right) from the graph of f \left( x \right).

b

Find the value of k.

10

State whether the following functions represent a change in the period from the function y = \sin x:

a

y = \sin \left( 5 x\right)

b

y = \sin \left( x - 5 \right)

c

y = 5 \sin x

d

y = \sin \left( \dfrac{x}{5} \right)

e

y = \sin x + 5

11

Consider the function y = - 5 \cos x.

a

State the amplitude of the function.

b

Graph the function for 0 \leq x \leq 2\pi.

12

Sketch the graph of the function y = 2 + \sin x for 0 \leq x \leq 2\pi.

13

Consider the functions f \left( x \right) = \cos x and g \left( x \right) = \cos \left(\dfrac{x}{3}\right).

a

State the period of f \left( x \right).

b

State the period of g \left( x \right).

c

What transformation of the graph of f \left( x \right) results in the graph of g \left( x \right)?

d

Graph y = f \left( x \right) and y = g \left( x \right) on the same number plane for 0 \leq x \leq 2\pi.

e

Is the amplitude of g \left( x \right) different to the amplitude of f \left( x \right)?

14

Consider the function y = 4 \sin x.

a

State the amplitude of the function.

b

Graph the function for 0 \leq x \leq 2\pi.

15

Consider the functions f \left( x \right) = \cos x and g \left( x \right) = \cos 4 x.

a

State the period of f \left( x \right).

b

State the period of g \left( x \right).

c

What transformation of the graph of f \left( x \right) results in the graph of g \left( x \right)?

d

Graph y = f(x) and y = g \left( x \right) on the number plane for 0 \leq x \leq 2\pi.

16

A table of values for the the first period of the graph y=\sin x for x \geq 0 is given in the first table on the right:

a

Complete the second table given with equivalent values for x in the the first period of the graph y = \sin \left(\dfrac{x}{4}\right) for \\x \geq 0.

b

Hence, state the period of y = \sin \left(\dfrac{x}{4}\right).

x0\dfrac{\pi}{2}\pi\dfrac{3\pi}{2}2\pi
\sin x010-10
x
\sin\left(\dfrac{x}{4}\right)010-10
17

Complete the following sentence:

The graph of the sine function crosses the x-axis for all numbers of the form , where n is an integer.

18

Consider the given graph of \\ y = \cos \left(x + \dfrac{\pi}{2}\right):

a

State the amplitude of the function.

b

Describe how the graph of y = \cos x can be transformed into the graph of \\ y = \cos \left(x + \dfrac{\pi}{2}\right).

\frac{1}{2}π
\frac{3}{2}π
x
-1
1
y
19

Determine the equation of the graphed function given that it is of the form \\ y = \sin \left(x - c\right), where c is the least positive value possible.

\frac{1}{2}π
\frac{3}{2}π
x
-1
1
y
20

Determine the values of c in the region - 2 \pi \leq c \leq 2 \pi that make: y = \sin \left(x - c\right) the same as y = \cos x.

21

What two transformations could be used to turn the graph of y = \cos x into the graph of \\ y = - \cos x + 3?

22

Describe the three transformations required to turn the graph of y = \cos x into the graph of y = - 5 \cos \left( 4 x\right).

23

Consider the function y = \cos x and the following graph:

a

Describe the transformations required to turn the graph of y = \cos x into the given graph.

b

Write the equation for the given graph?

\frac{1}{2}π
\frac{3}{2}π
x
1
2
3
4
5
y
24

Consider the function y = 3 \sin \left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right).

a

Find the period of the function in radians.

b

Within the domain 0 \leq x \leq 4 \pi, what are the x-intercepts of y = 3 \sin \left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)?

c

For 0 \leq x \leq 4 \pi, the function has a maximum value of 3. Determine the value of x at which the maximum value occurs in this domain.

25

The functions f \left( x \right) and g \left( x \right) = af \left( \dfrac{x}{b} \right) have been graphed as shown:

a

Describe the transformations that occurred on f \left( x \right) to get g \left( x \right).

b

Determine the value of a.

c

Determine the value of b.

\frac{1}{4}π
\frac{1}{2}π
\frac{3}{4}π
\frac{5}{4}π
\frac{3}{2}π
\frac{7}{4}π
x
-1
-\frac{2}{3}
-\frac{1}{3}
\frac{1}{3}
\frac{2}{3}
1
y
26

The functions f \left( x \right) and \\ g \left( x \right) = f \left( x - c \right) - d have been graphed as shown:

a

Describe the transformations that occurred on f \left( x \right) to get g \left( x \right).

b

Determine the value of d.

c

Determine the smallest positive value of c.

\frac{1}{3}π
\frac{2}{3}π
\frac{4}{3}π
\frac{5}{3}π
x
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
y
27

Consider the graphs of y = \cos x and \\ y = 3 \cos \left(x - \dfrac{\pi}{4}\right):

a

List the type of transformations that have occurred on y = \cos x to get \\ y = 3 \cos \left(x - \dfrac{\pi}{4}\right).

b

Describe how the amplitude of y = \cos x changed.

c

What phase shift has y = \cos x undergone to get y = 3 \cos \left(x - \dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)?

\frac{1}{4}π
\frac{1}{2}π
\frac{3}{4}π
\frac{5}{4}π
\frac{3}{2}π
\frac{7}{4}π
x
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
y
28

Consider the graph of y = \sin x below. Its first maximum point for x \geq 0 is at \left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}, 1\right).

By considering the transformation that has taken place, state the coordinates of the first maximum point of each of the following functions for x \geq 0:

a

y = 5 \sin x

b

y = - 5 \sin x

c

y = \sin x + 2

d

y = \sin 3 x

e

y = \sin \left(x - \dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)

f

y = 5 \sin x + 2

\frac{1}{2}π
\frac{3}{2}π
x
-1
1
y
29

Consider the graph of y = \cos x below. Its first maximum point for x \geq 0 is at \left(0, 1\right).

By considering the transformation that has taken place, state the coordinates of the first maximum point of each of the following functions for x \geq 0:

a

y = \cos \left(x + \dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)

b

y = 5 \cos \left(x - \dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)

c

y = 2 - 5 \cos x

d

y = \cos \left(\dfrac{x}{4}\right)

e

y = 5 \cos 4 x - 2

f

y = \cos \left(x - \dfrac{\pi}{3}\right) + 2

\frac{1}{2}π
\frac{3}{2}π
x
-1
1
y
30

The graph of y = \cos x and another function that is a result of certain transformations on \\ y = \cos x is shown below:

\frac{1}{3}π
\frac{2}{3}π
\frac{4}{3}π
\frac{5}{3}π
x
-1
1
y
a

List the type of transformations that have occurred.

b

Complete the following statement:

The graph of y = \cos x has decreased its period by a factor of and then has undergone a phase shift of to the left.

c

Find the equation of the transformed graph.

31

The graph of y = \cos x undergoes the series of transformations in the following order:

  • The graph is reflected about the x-axis.

  • The graph is then horizontally translated to the left by \dfrac{\pi}{6} radians.

  • The graph is then vertically translated upwards by 5 units.

Find the equation of the transformed graph in the form y = - \cos \left(x + c\right) + d where c is the lowest positive value in radians.

32

For each of the trigonometric functions below:

i

State the period in radians.

ii
State the amplitude.
iii
State the maximum value.
iv
State the minimum value.
v
Graph the function for 0 \leq x \leq 2 \pi.
a
y = \cos 5 x
b
y = \sin \pi x
c
y = - \cos 3 x
d
y = \cos \left(x - \dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)
e
y = 5 \cos \dfrac{1}{2} x
f
y = 2 \sin 3 x
g
y = - 5 \sin 3 x
h
y = 3 \sin x + 2
i
y = \sin 2 x + 2
j
y = 2 \sin 3 x - 2
k
y = 4 - 3 \sin x
l
y = \cos 3 x + 2
m
y = 3 \sin \left(x - \dfrac{\pi}{3}\right) + 2
n
y = 2 \cos \left(x - \dfrac{\pi}{2}\right) + 3
33

For each of the following functions:

i

State the period.

ii

State the amplitude.

iii

Write down the phase shift of the function in radians.

iv

Graph the function for -\pi \leq x \leq \pi.

a
y = 4 \sin \left(x - \pi\right)
b
y = \sin \left( 2 x - \dfrac{2 \pi}{3}\right)
c
y = - 3 \sin \left( 4 x - \pi\right)
34

Consider the functions y = 2 \cos \left(x - \dfrac{\pi}{3}\right) and y = \sin \left(\dfrac{x}{4}\right).

a

Graph the two functions on the same set of axes for 0 \leq x \leq 2\pi.

b

Hence, determine the number of solutions of the equation 2 \cos \left(x - \dfrac{\pi}{3}\right) - \sin \left(\dfrac{x}{4}\right) = 0 for 0 \leq x \leq 4 \pi.

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U34.AoS1.7

the key features and properties of a function or relation and its graph and of families of functions and relations and their graphs

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