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VCE 11 General 2023

11.01 Pythagoras' theorem

Worksheet
Pythagoras' theorem
1

For each of the following triangles, determine which side is the hypotenuse:

a
b
c
d
2

Calculate the value of c in the following triangles, rounding your answers to two decimal places:

a
b
c
d
3

For the following right-angled triangles, find c, the length of the hypotenuse, to two decimal places:

a

A triangle whose other two sides are 7 \text{ m} and 9 \text{ m} in length.

b

A triangle whose other two sides are 7 \text{ mm} and 15 \text{ mm} in length.

c

A triangle whose other two sides are each 14 \text{ m} in length.

d

A triangle whose other two sides are each 17.9 \text{ m} in length.

4

For each of the given triangles, find the following, rounding your answers to two decimal places:

i

Calculate the length of the hypotenuse.

ii

Calculate the perimeter of the triangle.

a

A right-angled triangle has two shorter sides measuring 15.4 \text{ mm} and 17.7 \text{ mm}.

b

A right isosceles triangle has two sides measuring 17 \text{ cm}.

5

Calculate the value of b in the following triangles, correct to two decimal places:

a
b
c
d
6

Find the length of the unknown side, b, in the following right-angled triangles, rounding your answers to two decimal places:

a

A triangle whose hypotenuse is 3 \text{ cm} in length and whose other side is 2 \text{ cm} in length.

b

A triangle whose hypotenuse is 13 \text{ mm} in length and whose other side is 8 \text{ mm} in length.

7

Find the perimeter of a right-angled triangle with hypotenuse measuring 15 \text{ cm} and the other side measuring 4 \text{ cm}. Leave your answers to two decimal places.

a

Find the length of the other side, b.

b

Hence, find the perimeter.

8

Calculate the value of a in the following triangles, correct to two decimal places:

a
b
c
d
9

Use Pythagoras' theorem to determine whether the following are right-angled triangles:

a
b
10

Consider the given triangle:

Find the following, rounding your answer to two decimal places:

a

The value of x.

b

The value of y.

c

The length of the base of the triangle.

11

Consider the following trapezium:

a

Find the value of a.

b

Find the value of b.

c

Find x, correct to two decimal places.

d

Find the perimeter of the trapezium, correct to two decimal places.

12

Consider the following diagram:

Find the following, rounding your answers to two decimal places:

a

The value of x.

b

The value of y.

13

For each of the following figures, find the length of the unknown side x, correct to two decimal places:

a
b
c
14

Consider the following triangle:

a

Show that the triangle is right-angled.

b

State the size of the two acute angles.

c

Show that any triangle whose side lengths are k, k and k \sqrt{2} are the sides of a right-angled triangle.

15

A rhombus has side length 11 \text{ cm}, and the longer diagonal measuring 12 \text{ cm}.

a

Find the exact length of the other diagonal in surd form.

b

Find the exact area of the rhombus.

16

VUTR is a rhombus with perimeter 112 \text{ cm}. The length of diagonal RU is 46 \text{ cm}.

Leave your answers correct to two decimal places.

a

Find the length of VR.

b

Find the length of RW.

c

Find the length of VW.

d

Find the length of the other diagonal VT.

17

Find the value of k in the following figure. Round your answer to two decimal places.

Applications
18

Three towns Quark, Spark and Marc are positioned as shown in the diagram:

Which two towns are furthest apart?

19

Two flagpoles of height 14 m and 19 m are 22 m apart. A length of string is connected to the tops of the two flagpoles and pulled taut.

Find the length of the string, to one decimal place.

20

Iain’s car has run out of petrol. He walks 12 \text{ km} west and then 9 \text{ km} south looking for a petrol station.

If he is now h \text{ km} directly from his starting point, find the value of h.

21

William and Kenneth are playing football together. At one point in the game, they are near the same corner of the field. William is on the goal line, 11 m away from the corner, while Kenneth is on the side line, 17 m away from the corner.

Find the shortest distance between William and Kenneth. Round your answer to two decimal places.

22

The screen on a handheld device has dimensions 9 \text{ cm} by 5 \text{ cm}, and a diagonal of length x \text{ cm}.

Find the value of x, correct to two decimal places.

23

A farmer wants to build a fence around the entire perimeter of his land, as shown in the diagram. The fencing costs \$37 per metre.

Find the following, rounding your answers to two decimal places:

a

The value of x.

b

The value of y.

c

How many metres of fencing does the farmer require, if fencing is sold by the metre?

d

How much will it cost him to build the fence along the entire perimeter of the land?

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Outcomes

U2.AoS4.2

Pythagoras’ theorem and the trigonometric ratios (sine, cosine and tangent) and their application including angles of elevation and depression and three figure bearings

U2.AoS4.9

solve practical problems involving right-angled triangles in the dimensions including the use of angles of elevation and depression, Pythagoras’ theorem trigonometric ratios sine, cosine and tangent and the use of three-figure (true) bearings in navigation

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