To factor a quadratic trinomial in the form ax^{2} + bx + c where a \neq 1, we first look for any common factors that can be taken out of the whole expression. If this leaves behind a polynomial with a leading coefficient of 1, then we can proceed as normal.
If, even after taking out any common factors, the leading coefficient is not equal to 1, we then want to look for two integers whose sum is b and whose product is ac. We can use then these integers, r and s below, to rewrite the trinomial with four terms and use the method of factoring by grouping.
Steps in factoring a quadratic trinomial where a \neq 1:
Factor out any GCF.
(If a is negative, we can also take out a factor of -1 before continuing.)
Find two numbers, r and s, that multiply to ac and add to b.
Rewrite the trinomial with four terms, in the form ax^{2} + rx + sx + c.
Factor by grouping.
Check whether the answer will not factor further and verify the factored form by multiplication.
Remember to include any common factors that are taken out at the start, so that each step results in an equivalent expression.
Factor 2 x^{2} + 11x + 5.
Factor 5 x^{2} - 18x + 9.
Factor 15 x^{2} - 27x - 6.