understand an association between two numerical variables in terms of direction (positive/negative), form (linear) and strength (strong/moderate/weak)
3.1.3.2
use a scatterplot to identify the nature of the relationship between variables
3.1.4.1
recognise that an observed association between two variables does not necessarily mean that there is a causal relationship between them
3.1.4.2
identify and communicate possible non-causal explanations for an association, including coincidence and confounding due to a common response to another variable
