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4.03 The sine rule

Worksheet
Sine rule
1

For each of the given triangles, determine if there is enough information to find all the remaining sides and angles in the triangle using only the sine rule:

a

Three sides are known:

b

Two of the angles and the side included between them are known:

c

Two of the angles and a side not included between them are known:

d

Two of the sides and an angle included between them are known:

2

An oblique \triangle ABC consists of angles A, B and C which appear opposite sides a, b and c respectively. State whether the following equations are true for this triangle:

a
\dfrac{\sin B}{\sin C} = \dfrac{b}{c}
b
\dfrac{a}{\sin A} = \dfrac{c}{\sin C}
c
\dfrac{a}{\sin A} = \dfrac{\sin C}{c}
d
\dfrac{\sin A}{a} = \dfrac{\sin B}{c}
3

For each of the following triangles, write an equation relating the sides and angles using the sine rule:

a
b
4

Solve the following equations for x, given that all equations relate to acute-angled triangles. Round your answers to two decimal places.

a

\dfrac{x}{\sin 78 \degree} = \dfrac{50}{\sin 43 \degree}

b

\dfrac{11}{\sin 66 \degree} = \dfrac{x}{\sin 34 \degree}

c

\dfrac{\sin 78 \degree}{20} = \dfrac{\sin x}{13}

d

\dfrac{5}{\sin x} = \dfrac{7}{\sin 70 \degree}

e

\dfrac{22}{\sin x} = \dfrac{31}{\sin 66 \degree}

5

Consider the following diagram:

a

Find an expression for \sin A in \triangle ACD.

b

Find an expression for \sin B in \triangle BDC. Then make x the subject of the equation.

c

Substitute your expression for x into the equation from part (a), and rearrange the equation to form the sine rule.

Unknown sides
6

Consider the given triangle:

a

Write out the sine rule to find h.

b

Find the value of h to two decimal places.

7

For each of the following triangles, find the side length a using the sine rule. Round your answers to two decimal places.

a
b
c
d
e
8

For each of the following triangles, find the length of side x, correct to one decimal place:

a
b
9

Calculate the length of y in metres, using the sine rule.

Round your answer correct to one decimal place.

10

For each of the following triangles:

i

Find the value of a using the sine rule. Round your answer to two decimal places.

ii

Use another trigonometric ratio and the fact that the triangle is right-angled to calculate and confirm the value of a. Round your answer to two decimal places.

a
b
c
11

Consider the following triangle:

a

Find the length of side HK to two decimal places.

b

Find the length of side KJ to two decimal places.

12

Consider the triangle with \angle C = 72.53 \degree and \angle B = 31.69 \degree, and one side length a = 5.816\text{ m}.

a

Find \angle A. Round your answer to two decimal places.

b

Find the length of side b. Round your answer to three decimal places.

c

Find the length of side c. Round your answer to three decimal places.

13

Consider the triangle with \angle B = 38.18 \degree, \, \angle C = 81.77 \degree and b = 54\text{ m}. Find the following, rounding your answers to two decimal places where necessary:

a

\angle A.

b

a

c

c

14

Consider the triangle with \angle B = 82.94 \degree, \angle C = 60.25 \degree, and a side length of c = 19.84 \text{ cm}. Find the following, rounding your answers to two decimal places where necessary:

a

\angle A

b

a

c

b

15

Consider the triangle \triangle QUV where the side lengths q, u and v appear opposite \angle Q, \angle U and \angle V. If q = 16, \sin V = 0.5 and \sin Q = 0.8, find the value of v.

Unknown angles
16

For each of the following diagrams, find the value of the angle x using the sine rule. Round your answers to one decimal place.

a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
17

For each of the following acute angled triangles, calculate the size of angle B to the nearest degree:

a

\triangle ABC where \angle A = 57 \degree side a = 156 \text{ cm} and side b = 179 \text{ cm}

b

\triangle ABC where \angle A = 48 \degree side a = 2.7 \text{ cm} and side b = 1.9 \text{ cm}

18

The angle of depression from J to M is 68 \degree. The length of JK is 25 \text{ m} and the length of MK is 28 \text{ m} as shown:

Find the following, rounding your answers to two decimal places:

a

Find x, the size of \angle JMK.

b

Find the angle of elevation from M to K.

19

Consider \triangle ABC below:

a

Find x to the nearest degree.

b

Find \angle ADB to the nearest degree.

20

Consider the following diagram of a quadrilateral:

Find the value of \theta, correct to two decimal places.

21

For each of the following triangles, determine whether the angle x is bigger or smaller than the given angle:

a
b
c
The ambiguous case
22

Rochelle needs to determine whether a triangle with the dimensions shown below is possible or not:

a

Find the value of \theta.

b

Find the value of \dfrac{8.4}{\sin 106 \degree}. Round your answer to four decimal places.

c

Find the value of \dfrac{4.0}{\sin \theta}. Round your answer to four decimal places.

d

Hence, is it possible to construct this triangle? Explain your answer.

23

\triangle ABC is such that \angle CAB = 32 \degree, a = 5 and b = 9. Let the unknown angle opposite the length 9 \text{ cm} be x.

a

Consider the acute case, and find the size of angle x, to two decimal places.

b

Consider the obtuse case, and find the size of the obtuse angle x, to two decimal places.

24

Determine the number of possible triangles given the following:

a
a = 23, b = 21 and A = 35 \degree
b
B = 30 \degree, b = 4 and c = 8
c
a = 50, b = 58, and A = 60 \degree
d

a = 39, b = 32, and B = 50 \degree

25

State whether the following sets of data determine a unique triangle:

a

a = 5, b = 6, C = 80 \degree

b

A = 50 \degree, B = 30 \degree, c = 8

c

A = 20 \degree, B = 40 \degree, C = 120 \degree

d

a = 5, b = 12, c = 13

e

B = 40 \degree, b = 2, c = 5

f

a = 6, b = 3, c = 27

g

a = 3, b = 4, c = 5

h

A = 80 \degree, B = 20 \degree, C = 80 \degree

26

Determine if solving \triangle ABC could result in the ambiguous case given the following:

a

a, b and c are known.

b

A, B and a are known.

c

a, B and c are known.

27

For each of the following sets of measurements, determine whether \triangle ABC could be acute, obtuse and/or right-angled:

a

\angle CAB = 36 \degree, a = 7 and b = 10

b

\angle CAB = 42 \degree, a = 7 and b = 2

c

\angle CAB = 25 \degree, a = 4 and b = 7

28

In \triangle ABC, A = 45\degree and c = 5\text{ mm}.

In what interval does the length of BC lead to two possible triangles that can be formed?

29

Consider the following triangle which is not drawn to scale:

a

Calculate the sizes of angle, x, to the nearest degree.

b

Calculate the sizes of angle y, to the nearest degree.

c

Hence, calculate the side z, correct to two decimal places.

30

Two of a triangle's side lengths are 13.5\text{ cm} and 16.8\text{ cm}. The angle opposite the side which is 13.5\text{ cm} long is 48 \degree.

a

Will the angle opposite the side which is 16.8\text{ cm} long be bigger or smaller than 48 \degree?

b

Calculate the size of the angle x, opposite the side which is 16.8\text{ cm} long, correct to one decimal place.

31

A line joining the origin and the point \left(6, 8\right) has been graphed on the number plane. To form a triangle with the x-axis, a second line is drawn from the point \left(6, 8\right) to the positive side of the x-axis.

a

In what interval can the length of the second line be such that there are two possible triangles that can be formed with that length?

b

What can the length of the second line be such that there is exactly one triangle that can be formed with that length?

c

For what lengths of the second line will no triangle be formed?

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
x
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
y
32

A line joining the origin and the point \left( - 8 , 6\right) has been graphed on the number plane. To form a triangle with the x-axis, a second line is drawn from the point \left( - 8 , 6\right) to the negative x-axis.

a

In what interval should the length of the new line be such that there are two possible triangles that can be formed with that length?

b

What can the length of the second line be such that there is exactly one triangle that can be formed with that length?

c

For what lengths of the second line will no triangle be formed?

-16
-14
-12
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
x
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
y
Applications
33

Dave is standing on a hill and can see two buildings in the distance. Suppose the buildings are 20 \text{ km} apart. Dave is 13 \text{ km} from one building and the angle between the two lines of sight to the buildings is 35 \degree.

a

Find the size of \angle ABC, correct to two decimal places.

b

Find the size of \angle BCA, correct to two decimal places.

c

Find the distance from Dave to the building at B, correct to one decimal place.

34

During football training, the coach marks out the perimeter of a triangular course that players need to run around. The diagram shows some measurements taken of the course, where side length a = 14 \text{ m}:

a

Find the size of \angle A.

b

Find the length of side c, correct to two decimal places.

c

Find the length of side b, correct to two decimal places.

d

Each player must sprint one lap and then jog one lap around the triangle. This process is to be repeated 3 times by each player.

If Tara can run 280 \text{ m/min}, and can jog at half the speed she runs, calculate the time this exercise will take her, correct to one decimal place.

35

Consider the following diagram:

a

Find the size of \angle OBA.

b

Find the length of k, to two decimal places.

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Outcomes

1.2.4

establish and use the sine and cosine rules, including consideration of the ambiguous case and the formula Area=1/2 bc sin⁡A for the area of a triangle

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