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8.03 Sine rule

Worksheet
The sine rule
1

For each of the given triangles, determine if there is enough information to find all the remaining sides and angles in the triangle using only the sine rule:

a

Three sides are known:

A triangle with sides labeled as a, b and c.
b

Two of the angles and the side included between them are known:

A triangle with two of the angles labeled as A and B. The side included between these angles is labeled c.
c

Two of the angles and a side not included between them are known:

A triangle with two of its angles labeled as A and B. Opposite angle B is side labeled with small letter b which is not included between A and B.
d

Two of the sides and an angle included between them are known:

A triangle with two of its sides labeled as a and b. The angle included between them is labeled with a big letter C.
2

For each of the following triangles, write an equation relating the sides and angles using the sine rule:

a
A triangle with two of its angles labeled as big letters A and B. Opposite angle A is side labeled with small a. Opposite angle B is side labeled with small letter b.
b
Triangle P Q R is drawn. The sides opposite the vertices are labeled with small letters p, q and r respectively.
3

An oblique \triangle ABC consists of angles A, B and C which appear opposite sides a, b and c respectively. State whether the following equations are correct:

a

\dfrac{\sin B}{\sin C} = \dfrac{b}{c}

b

\dfrac{a}{\sin A} = \dfrac{c}{\sin C}

c

\dfrac{a}{\sin A} = \dfrac{\sin C}{c}

d

\dfrac{\sin A}{a} = \dfrac{\sin B}{c}

4

For the given triangle, use the sine rule to find the value of h to two decimal places:

Triangle A B C is drawn. Angle B measures 8 degrees while angle C measures 125 degrees. Opposite angle B is side of length 14.7. Opposite angle C is side labeled h.
5

Solve the following equations for x, given that all equations relate to acute-angled triangles. Round your answers to two decimal places.

a

\dfrac{x}{\sin 78 \degree} = \dfrac{50}{\sin 43 \degree}

b

\dfrac{11}{\sin 66 \degree} = \dfrac{x}{\sin 34 \degree}

c

\dfrac{\sin 78 \degree}{20} = \dfrac{\sin x}{13}

d

\dfrac{5}{\sin x} = \dfrac{7}{\sin 70 \degree}

e

\dfrac{22}{\sin x} = \dfrac{31}{\sin 66 \degree}

6

Complete the following steps in order to prove the sine rule:

a

Consider the \triangle ACD, find an expression for \sin A.

b

Consider \triangle BDC, find an expression for \sin B.

c

Make x the subject of the equation from part (b).

d

Substitute your expression for x into the equation from part (a) to prove the sine rule.

Triangle A B C is drawn. A line is drawn perpendicular to segment A B and intersects at point D. Segment C B is labeled as a and segment A C is labeled as b. Segment A B is labeled as c.
Find an unknown side
7

For each of the following triangles, find the side length a using the sine rule. Round your answers to two decimal places.

a
A triangle with two of its angles measuring 33 degrees and 69 degrees. Opposite the 69-degree angle is side of length 18. Opposite the 33-degree angle is side labeled a.
b
A triangle with two of its angles measuring 28 degrees and 63 degrees. Opposite the 63-degree angle is side of length 13. Opposite the 28-degree angle is side labeled a.
c
A triangle with two of its angles measuring 39 degrees and 25 degrees. Opposite the 39-degree angle is side of length 4.5 meters. Opposite the 25-degree angle is side labeled a.
d
A triangle with two of its angles measuring 104 degrees and 25 degrees. Opposite the 25-degree angle is side of length 310 centimeters. Opposite the 104-degree angle is side labeled a.
e
A triangle with two of its angles measuring 45 degrees and 28 degrees. Opposite the 45-degree angle is side of length 17 centimeters. Opposite the 28-degree angle is side labeled a.
8

For each of the following triangles, find the length of side x, correct to one decimal place:

a
Triangle D E F. Angle D measures 41 degrees and angle E measures 47 degrees. Opposite angle F is side of length 20. Opposie angle D is side labeled x.
b
Triangle A B C. Angle A measures 39 degrees. Angle B measures 64 degrees. Opposite angle C is side of length 20. Opposite angle A is side labeled x.
9

Consider the following triangle:

a

Find the length a using the sine rule. Give your answer correct to two decimal places.

b

Use another trigonometric ratio and the fact that the triangle is right-angled to calculate and confirm the value of a. Give your answer correct to two decimal places.

A right triangle with two of its angles measuring 62 degrees and 28 degrees. Opposite the 28-degree angle is side of length 16. Opposite the 62 degree angle is side labeled a.
10

For each of the folowing right-angled triangles:

i

Find the length a, using the sine rule.

ii

Use the trigonometric ratios and the fact that the triangle is right-angled to calculate and confirm the value of a.

a
A right triangle with two of its angles measuring 55 degrees and 35 degrees. Opposite the 35-degree angle is side of length 12. Opposite the 55 degree angle is side labeled a.
b
A right triangle with two of its angles measuring 42 degrees and 48 degrees. Opposite the 42-degree angle is side of length 15. Opposite the 48 degree angle is side labeled a.
11

Consider the following triangle:

a

Find the length of side HK. Round your answer to two decimal places.

b

Find the length of side KJ. Round your answer to two decimal places.

Triangle with angles of the following measurements: Angle H, 37 degrees; K, 46 degrees; and J, 97 degrees. Opposite angle K is side of length 531.36 kilometers.
12

Calculate the length of y in metres, using the sine rule.

Round your answer correct to one decimal place.

Right triangle A D B with right angle D. A line is drawn from vertex A to point C which is on side B D.  Angle B A C measures 11 degrees, angle A C B measures 120 degrees and side A B has a length of 20. Segment B C is labeled as y.
13

Consider the triangle \triangle QUV where the side lengths q, u and v appear opposite the angles Q, U and V. If q = 16, \sin V = 0.5 and \sin Q = 0.8, then solve for v.

Find an unknown angle
14

For each of the following diagrams, find the value of the acute angle x using the sine rule. Round your answers to one decimal place.

a
Triangle A B C with segment A B of length 9, segment B C of length 17, angle A measures 56 degrees and angle C is labeled x.
b
A triangle with two of its sides and an angle known. Opposite side of length 11.2 centimeters is angle measuring 39 degrees. Opposite side of length 9 centimeters is angle labeled x.
c
Triangle A B C with segment A B of length 11, B C of length 18, angle A measuring 62 degrees and angle C labeled x.
d
Triangle A B C with segment A B of length 58, B C of length 93, angle A measuring 34 degrees and angle C labeled x.
e
A triangle with two of its sides and an angle known. Opposite side of length 6.58 is angle measuring 116 degrees. Opposite the side of length 3.69 is angle labeled x.
f
Triangle A B C with segment A B of length 287, B C of length 275, angle A of measure 41 degrees and angle C labeled x.
15

Find the value of the acute angle x.

Round your answer to two decimal places.

A triangle with two of its sides and an angle known. Opposite side of length 5.52 centimeters is angle measuring 110 degrees. Opposite the side of length 2.34 centimeters is angle labeled x.
16

For each of the following acute angled triangles, calculate the size of angle B to the nearest degree:

a

\triangle ABC where \angle A = 57 \degree side a = 156 \text{ cm} and side b = 179 \text{ cm}

b

\triangle ABC where \angle A = 48 \degree side a = 2.7 \text{ cm} and side b = 1.9 \text{ cm}

17

Consider the following diagram of a quadrilateral:

Find the value of \theta, correct to two decimal places.

Two triangles sharing a common side. The first triangle sits on its side of length 35 centimeters. Opposite this side is angle of measure 80 degrees, and adjacent this side, left to it is angle labeled theta. Opposite angle theta is side shared with another triangle. The angle opposite the common side measures 62 degrees. Non-adjacent to the 80-degree angle is angle measuring 42 degrees. Opposite the 42 degree angle is side of length 15 centimeters.
18

Consider the given triangle:

a

Find the size of \angle BAC.

b

Find the value of c, correct to two decimal places.

Triangle A B C with angle B measuring 63 degrees; angle C, 88 degrees; Side B C of length 18 and side A B labeled as c.
19

Consider the triangle with \angle B = 58 \degree, \angle C = 29 \degree and a = 36 \text{ cm}. Find the following, rounding your answers to two decimal places where necessary:

a

\angle A

b

b

c

c

20

Consider the triangle with \angle B = 82.94 \degree, \angle C = 60.25 \degree, and a side length of c = 19.84 \text{ cm}. Find the following, rounding your answers to two decimal places where necessary:

a

\angle A

b

a

c

b

21

Consider the triangle with \angle B = 38.18 \degree, \angle C = 81.77 \degree and b = 54 \text{ m}. Find the following, rounding your answers to the nearest whole number:

a

\angle A

b

a

c

c

22

Consider the triangle where \angle A = 34 \degree, \angle C = 91 \degree and c = 15 \text{ cm}. Find the following, rounding your answers to two decimal places where necessary:

a

\angle B

b

a

c

b

Applications
23

Consider the given triangle with two interior angles C = 72.53 \degree and B = 31.69 \degree, and one side length a = 5.816 \text{ m}.

a

Find the size of angle A, to two decimal places.

b

Find the value of b, to three decimal places.

c

Find the value of c, to three decimal places.

Triangle A B C with segment B C labeled as small letter a, A C labeled as small letter b and A B labeled as small letter c.
24

A radio signal is sent from a transmitter at tower T, via a satellite S, to a town W, as shown in the diagram. The town is 526 \text{ km} from the transmitter tower. The signal is sent out from the transmitter tower at an angle of 18 \degree, and the town receives the signal at an angle of 26 \degree.

Triangle S T W formed from points where the tower T, satellite S, and town W are located. Segment T W has a length of 526 kilometers. Angle S T W measures 18 degrees while angle S W T measures 26 degrees.
a

Find the size of \angle WST.

b

Find the distance, SW, that the signal travels from the satellite to the town. Round your answer to the nearest kilometre.

c

If the satellite is h \text{ km} above the ground, find h. Round your answer to two decimal places.

25

Consider the following diagram:

a

Find the size of \angle OBA.

b

Find the length of k, to two decimal places.

Circle with center O and points A and B on the circle. Triangle A O B is drawn by connecting radii OA and OB and chord A B. Angle A O B measures 102 degrees. Segment O A has a length of 14. Segment A B is labeled k.
26

Dave is standing on a hill and can see two buildings in the distance. Suppose the buildings are 20 \text{ km} apart. Dave is 13 \text{ km} from one building and the angle between the two lines of sight to the buildings is 35 \degree.

a

Find the size of \angle ABC, correct to two decimal places.

b

Find the size of \angle BCA, correct to two decimal places.

c

Find the distance from Dave to the building at B, correct to one decimal place.

Triangle A B C formed from the points where two buildings B and C, and Dave A are located. Segment B C is of length 20 kilometers, A C is of length 13 kilometers and angle B A C measures 35 degrees.
27

A bridge connects two towns on either side of a gorge, where one side of the gorge is inclined at 59 \degree and the other side is inclined at 70 \degree. The length of the steeper incline is 59.1 \text{ m}.

Find x, the length of the bridge. Round your answer correct to one decimal place.

A triangle formed by connecting the length of the bridge, and inclined sides of the gorge. The sides of the gorge inclined at 70 degrees has a length of 59.1 meters. The other side is inclined at 59 degrees. The length of the bridge is labeled x.
28

During football training, the coach marks out the perimeter of a triangular course that players need to run around. The diagram shows some measurements taken of the course, where side length a = 14 \text{ m}:

a

Find the size of \angle A.

b

Find the length of side c, correct to two decimal places.

c

Find the length of side b, correct to two decimal places.

d

Each player must sprint one lap and then jog one lap around the triangle. This process is to be repeated 3 times by each player.

If Tara can run 280 \text{ m/min}, and can jog at half the speed she runs, calculate the time this exercise will take her, correct to one decimal place.

Triangle A B C with angle B measuring 55 degrees; angle C, 87 degrees; segment B C labeled as a and is equal to 14 meters; segment A B labeled as c; and segment A C labeled as b.
29

Two wires help support a tall pole. One wire forms an angle of 36 \degree with the ground and the other wire forms an angle of 70 \degree with the ground. The wires are 29 \text{ m} apart.

A triangle with two of its base angles measuring 36 degrees and 70 degrees, and its apex labeled a. Opposite the 70-degree angle is side labeled d. Opposite angle a is side of length 29 meters. A line is drawn perpendicular from angle a to opposite side and is labeled h.
a

Find a, the angle made between the two wires at the top of the pole.

b

Find d, the length of the longest wire in metres. Round your answer to two decimal places.

c

Find h, the height of the pole. Round your answer to two decimal places.

30

Mae observes a tower at an angle of elevation of 12 \degree. The tower is perpendicular to the ground. Walking 67 \text{ m} towards the tower, she finds that the angle of elevation increases to 35 \degree:

Right triangle A C D is drawn with right angle C, A is the point where the observer is, D is the top of the tower and C is the base of the tower. Segment C D is labeled as h. Point B is on A C and forms another triangle D B C. Angle D A B measures 12 degrees and angle D B C measures 35 degrees. Segment A B ha a length of 67. Segment D B is labeled as a.
a

Calculate the size of \angle ADB.

b

Find the length of the side a. Round your answer to two decimal places.

c

Find the height, h, of the tower. Round your answer to one decimal place.

31

To calculate the height of each block of flats, a surveyor measures the angles of depression from A and B, to C. From A the angle of depression is 31 \degree, and from B the angle of depression is 47 \degree.

a

Find the size of \angle ACB.

b

If the distance between A and C is b \text{ m}, find the value of b. Round your answer to two decimal places.

c

If the buildings are h \text{ m} tall, find the value of h. Round your answer to the nearest metre.

Triangle A B C formed between 2 buildings and point C on the gound in between the two buildings. From the right edge on top of building A to the left edge on top of building B measures 303 meters. h is the height of building A. Angle BAC is 31 dehrees and angle CBA is 47 degrees
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Outcomes

2.2.3

solve problems involving non-right-angled triangles using the sine rule (acute triangles only when determining the size of an angle) and the cosine rule

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