2.03 Percentage of a quantity

Calculating 10%, 5% and 1% of a quantity without calculator

Some of the easiest key values to start with when finding percentages are $10%$10%, $5%$5% and $1%$1% of the amount. 

$10%$10% as a fraction is $\frac{10}{100}=\frac{1}{10}$10100​=110​, so $10%$10% is the same as $1$1 tenth.  This is good news, it means we can find $10%$10% of any amount by finding $1$1 tenth, or by dividing the amount by $10$10.  

Here are some examples

$10%$10% of $56$56 is $5.6$5.6

$10%$10% of $230$230 is $23$23

$10%$10% of $1.5$1.5 is $0.15$0.15.

Practice question

Question 1

 

The next easiest one to find is $1%$1%.  In the same way that $10%$10% is $\frac{10}{100}=\frac{1}{10}$10100​=110​, $1%$1% is $\frac{1}{100}$1100​.  So to find $1%$1% of something we divide the amount by $100$100. 

Here are a few more examples

$1%$1% of $256$256 is $2.56$2.56

$1%$1% of $1200$1200 is $12$12.

$1%$1% of $4.7$4.7 is $0.047$0.047.

 

Practice question

Question 2

 

To find $5%$5%, start by first finding $10%$10% and then halve it.  

Here are some more examples

$5%$5% of $200$200.  $10%$10% is $20$20, so $5%$5% is $10$10.  

$5%$5% of $240$240.  Well $10%$10% is $24$24, so $5%$5% is $12$12.  

$5%$5% of $36$36.  $10%$10% of $36$36 is $3.6$3.6, so $5%$5% is $1.8$1.8

 

Practice question

Question 3

 

 

And then we build

Once we know $10%$10%, $5%$5% or $1%$1% of a value, we can also find multiples of those.

For example, if we know $10%$10% of $70$70 is $7$7, then we can find $20%$20%,  $2\times10%=20%$2×10%=20%, so $20%$20% would be $2\times7=14$2×7=14.

If we know  $1%$1% of $250$250 is $2.5$2.5, then we can find $3%$3%.  $3\times1%=3%$3×1%=3% so $3%$3% would be $3\times2.5=7.5$3×2.5=7.5

 

Practice question

Question 4

 

Calculating percentages of quantities using a calculator

We already know how to find a fraction of a quantity through multiplication. For example, we know to find $\frac{2}{3}$23​ of $60$60 all we do is multiply the two numbers together, so $\frac{2}{3}\times60=40$23​×60=40 is our answer. We can do the same with percentages as we know how to turn them into fractions with $100$100 as the denominator.

For example, we want to find what $71%$71% of $526$526 is, so let's multiply them together.

$71%$71% of $526$526	$=$=	$71%\times526$71%×526	Remember in maths, "of" means "multiplied by"
	$=$=	$\frac{71}{100}\times526$71100​×526	A % is the same as a fraction out of $100$100, enter it into the calculator.
	$=$=	$373.46$373.46

 

Worked example

To find $7%$7% of $58$58, we could type:

However, if you find it easier, you can also convert the percentage to a decimal or fraction and enter it in the calculator that way. For example, the question above could be entered as:

Another way to use a calculator for percentages is to use the fraction form.  Remember that per cent means per one hundred. 

 

Practice questions

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7