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2.02 Gradient and intercept

Worksheet
Gradient of a line
1

Find the gradient of the following intervals:

a
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
x
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
y
b
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
x
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
y
2

Consider the straight line that passes through the points A, B, C and D:

a

Find the slope of the line using the points A and D.

b

Find the slope of the line using the points B and C.

c

What do you notice?

-4
-2
2
4
x
-6
-4
-2
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
y
3

Find the gradient of the following lines:

a
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
x
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
y
b
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
6
x
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
y
c
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
x
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
y
d
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
6
x
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
y
4

Consider the following line, where Point A\left(4, 0\right) and Point B\left(0, 16\right) both lie on the line:

a

Find the gradient of the line.

b

As x increases, is the value of y increasing or decreasing?

-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
5
x
-16
-12
-8
-4
4
8
12
16
y
5

Find the gradient of the lines that pass through the given points:

a

Point A \left( - 1 , 0\right) and Point B\left(0, 3\right)

b

Point A\left(2, - 6 \right) and the origin

c

Point A \left(3, 5\right) and Point B\left(1, 8\right)

d

Point A\left(3, - 9 \right) and the origin.

e

Point A\left( - 4 , 0\right) and Point B\left(0, 4\right).

f

Point A\left( - 2 , 4\right) and Point B\left(5, 1\right).

g

Point A\left( - 3 , - 1 \right) and Point B\left( - 5 , 1\right).

h

Point A\left(1, - 1 \right) and Point B\left(-1, - 2 \right).

6

A line passing through the points \left( - 1 , 4\right) and \left( - 4 , t\right) has a gradient of - 3.

Find the value of t.

7

A line passes through the points \left(11, c\right) and \left( - 20 , 16\right) and has a gradient of - \dfrac{4}{7}.

Find the value of c.

Gradient and intercept of a line
8

For each of the following lines:

i

Find the coordinates of the y-intercept.

ii

Find the gradient.

a
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
x
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
y
b
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
x
-1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
y
c
-1
1
2
3
x
-1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
y
d
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
x
-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
y
e
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
x
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
y
f
-1
1
2
3
4
x
-1
1
2
3
4
y
g
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
x
-1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
y
9

For each the following equations:

i

Sketch the graph of the equation.

ii

State coordinates of the y-intercept.

iii

State the gradient of the line.

a

y = x

b

y = - x

c

y = 5 x

d
y = 2 x + 5
e
y = \dfrac{x}{3}-5
10

State the gradient and y-intercept of the following equations of lines:

a

y = - x - 8

b

y = 1 + 10 x

c

y = - 5 x

d

y = - 1 + \dfrac{7 x}{2}

Gradient of horizontal and vertical lines
11

Consider the following graph:

a

Find the coordinates of the y-intercept.

b

State the gradient of the line.

-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
x
-1
1
2
3
4
5
y
12

Consider the following graph:

a

State the gradient of the line.

b

Does this line have a y-intercept?

c

State the x-intercept of the line.

-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
x
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
4
y
13

State the gradient of the following lines:

a
y = -2
b
y = 5
c
x = 4
d
x = -7
14

State the coordinates of the x or y-intercept of the following equations:

a
y = 1
b
y = -3
c
x = 8
d
x = -6
15

Determine whether the following pairs of coordinates will have a gradient that is defined or undefined:

a

\left( - 10 , 5\right) and \left( - 10 , 12\right)

b

\left(10, 5\right) and \left(10, 1\right)

c

\left(10, - 1 \right) and \left( - 10 , - 1 \right)

d

\left( - 10 , 5\right) and \left(10, 5\right)

e

\left(10, 7\right) and \left(10, 2\right)

f

\left(10, - 2 \right) and \left( - 10 , - 2 \right)

g

\left( - 10 , 7\right) and \left( - 10 , 12\right)

h

\left( - 10 , 7\right) and \left(10, 7\right)

Applications
16

Given Point P\left(- 1,-1\right), Point Q\left(0,1\right), Point R\left(- 1,6\right), and Point S\left(- 2, 4\right):

a
Find the gradient of PQ.
b

Find the gradient of RS.

c
Find the gradient of QR.
d

Find the gradient of PS.

e
What type of quadrilateral is PQRS? Explain your answer.
-4
-3
-2
-1
1
2
3
x
-1
1
2
3
4
5
6
y
17

Consider the following ramp:

a

Find the gradient of this skateboard ramp if it rises 0.9 metres above the ground and runs 1 metre horizontally at the base.

b

The ramp can only be used as a 'beginner’s ramp' if for every 1 metre horizontal run, it has a rise of at most 0.5 metres. Can it be used as a 'beginner’s ramp'?

18

A certain ski resort has two ski runs as shown in the diagram:

a

Find the gradient of Run A. Round your answer to two decimal places.

b

Find the gradient of ski run B. Round your answer to two decimal places.

c

Which run is steeper?

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MS11-2

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