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VCE 11 Methods 2023

1.04 Factorisation

Worksheet
Factorising
1

Find the highest common algebraic factor of the following terms:

a

9 x and 8 x

b

9 x n and 4 a x

c

18 b^{2} n and 7 b^{2} m

d

13 y^{2} a n and 17 m y^{2} b

e

9 b x m and 5 b x a

f

8 m y and 12 a m

g

15 n^{2} m and 8 n m^{2}

h

20 x and 15 x^{2} n

i

16 a b n x and 12 a b m y

j

6abmn and 8bnxy

k

16 a^{2} b x^{3} y^{6} and 12 b^{4} m^{2} n^{6} x

l

12a^7bm^3y^2 and 9ab^5n^2x^3

m

3 b x, 2 n b and 5 b a

n

4 x^{2} a n, 3 b x^{4} m and 12 m a x^{3}

2

Complete the following:

a

y^{2} + 5 y = y \left(⬚ + ⬚\right)

b

2 t^{2} + 2 t = 2 t \left(⬚ + ⬚\right)

c

3 y^{2} + 6 y = ⬚ \left(y + 2\right)

d

- m^{2} + 19 m = ⬚ \left(m - 19\right)

e

- y^{2} - 2 y = ⬚ \left(y + 2\right)

f

8 v - v^{2} = v \left(⬚\right)

g

11 u - 19 u^{2} = u \left(⬚ - ⬚\right)

h

- 38 x y - 4 y^{2} = ⬚ \left( 19 x + 2 y\right)

3

Factorise:

a
y^{2} + 4 y
b
5 u^{2} - 15 u
c
z^{2} + 8 z^{6}
d
- 18 a + 16
e
- 63 r^{2} + 28
f
3 x - x^{2}
g
k^{2} - 9 k
h
11 k m - m n
i

- 12 s + 10

j
8 h j - 9 g h
k
- 8 w^{2} + 3 w^{2} y
l
16 j k t - 5 k t
m
z^{2} + 6 z^{4}
n
- w^{2} - 6 w
o
5 k^{2} t + 40 k^{3} t^{3}
p
- 45 m n q - 72 m q
q
- 35 m + 49 n
r
49 p^{2} q - 28 p q^{2}
s
- 16 a^{2} - 18 a^{2} b
t
-30w^2-25w^2y
u
44 u v - 8 u^{2} v
v
4mn^2+28m^3n^3
w
-10u^2v+9uv^2
x
3 t \left(t - 5\right) + 4 \left(t - 5\right)
4

Factorise:

a
20j-15jk-55j^2k
b
3 p^{2} q^{2} + 4 p^{4} q^{4} + 5 p^{6} q^{6}
c
2 y z - 10 x y + 12 x y^{2} z
d
p q r + p^{2} q^{2} r + p^{3} q^{3} r
e
- h f - h j + h g
f
25 m - 15 m n - 10 m^{2} n
5

A student incorrectly used the distributive law and wrote -5x^3-15x=-5x\left(x^2-3\right).

Explain how to correct the error, and write the correct answer.

6

Find the highest common factor of the terms: 12 p^{2} r^{2} t^{3}, 9 p r t^{3}, and 18 p^{3} r^{3} t^{-2}.

7

12 x^{4} + 18 x^{3} - 24 x^{2} can be factorised into the form 6 x \left( 2 x^{3} + 3 x^{2} - 4 x\right). Has the expression been fully factorised? Explain your answer.

Applications
8

A stadium is 52 \text{ m} wide and has an area of \left( 52s + 104 \right) \text{ m}^{2}. Write an expression for the length of the stadium in metres.

9

A parallelogram with a height of 8x \text{ cm} has an area of \left( 8x^{2} - 40x \right) \text{ cm}^{2}. Write an expression for the base length of the parallelograms in centimetres.

10

A painting has an area of \left( 24a^{3}b + 72ab \right) \text{ in}^{2}. If the width of the painting is represented by 24a, find the expression to represent its length in inches.

11

A farmer wants to create a set of adjacent fields which all have the same width. He plans to create the smallest field in the shape of a square, with the largest field 9 times the size of the smallest field, and the middle field to have a length that is 5 units more than the smallest field.

a

Write expressions for the area of each field.

b

Use factoring to determine the dimensions of the entire field.

12

You are to design a photo collage made of two large square photos with a side length of x and four smaller rectangular photos that have a height of x and a width of 4 inches.

a

Find an expression for the area of the rectangle formed if the photos are all placed in a single row. Draw an example of what this arrangement would look like.

b

Fully factorise your answer from part (a) and then draw a photo arrangement that would match these dimensions.

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Outcomes

U1.AoS2.14

expand and factorise linear and simple quadratic expressions with integer coefficients by hand

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