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8.02 Distance between two places on Earth

Worksheet
Angular distance
1

FInd the angular distance between the following:

a
Bali \left(8 \degree \text{S}, 115 \degree \text{E} \right) and Mandurah \left(33 \degree \text{S}, 115 \degree \text{E} \right).
b
Points on Earth with coordinates of \left( 32 \degree \text{N}, 55 \degree \text{E} \right) and \left( 29\degree \text{N}, 55 \degree \text{E} \right).
2

A hiker is orienteering and travels due south for 277.5 \text{ km}, how many degrees south has their coordinate position changed to one decimal place?

Distance
3

The coordinates of two cities A and B are (32 \degree \text{ S}, 84 \degree \text{ E}) and (22 \degree \text{ S}, 84 \degree \text{ E}).

a

State whether the following is a great circle that passes through cities A and B:

i

10 \degree \text{ S}

ii

84 \degree \text{ E}

iii

32 \degree \text{ S}

iv

54 \degree \text{ S}

b

Find the angular distance between the two cities.

c

Find the shortest distance between the two cities to the nearest kilometre, given that the radius of the Earth is 6400 \text{ km}.

4

Consider the two points with coordinates of \left(39\degree \text{N}, 121 \degree \text{E} \right) and \left(24\degree \text{S}, 121 \degree \text{E} \right).

Using the approximation that the radius of the earth is 6400 \text{ km}, find the distance between them to the nearest kilometre.

5

Find the distance (to the nearest kilometres) between the following points on the surface of the Earth. Assume the radius of the earth is 6400 \text{ km}.

a
A\left (3\degree\text{N}, 42 \degree \text{E} \right) and B\left( 4\degree\text{N}, 42 \degree \text{E} \right)
b
A\left( 4\degree\text{N},75\degree\text{W} \right) and B\left( 36\degree\text{N}, 75 \degree \text{W} \right)
c
A\left( 25\degree\text{S},62\degree\text{E} \right) and B\left( 20\degree\text{S},62\degree\text{E} \right)
d
A\left(11 \degree \text{S}, 132 \degree \text{W} \right) and B\left( 36 \degree \text{N}, 132 \degree \text{W} \right)
6

Find the distance, to the nearest kilometre, between the following cities, given that the cities lie on the same north-south line and the radius of Earth is 6400 \text{ km}:

a

Honolulu, 21 \degree \text{N}, and Barrow, 71 \degree \text{N}.

b

Vladivostok, 43 \degree \text{N}, and Darwin, 12 \degree \text{S}.

7

Find the distance between Ho Chi Minh City\left( 10 \degree \text{N}, 106 \degree \text{E} \right) and Jakarta \left( 6 \degree \text{S}, 106 \degree \text{E} \right) correct to the nearest kilometre.

Approximate the radius of the Earth as 6400 \text{ km}.

8

Calculate the shortest distance between points A \left( 11 \degree \text{N}, 106 \degree \text{E} \right) andB \left(31 \degree \text{S}, 106 \degree \text{E} \right), given that the radius of the Earth is 6400 \text{ km}.

9

A location has coordinates \left(41 \degree \text{S}, 85 \degree \text{W} \right). If l is its distance from the equator, find l correct to the nearest kilometre, given that the radius of the Earth is 6400 \text{ km}.

10

The Arctic Circle is at a latitude of 66.5 \degree \text{N}. Given that the earth has a radius of approximately 6400 \text{ km}, what is the shortest distance, to the nearest kilometre, from any point on the Arctic Circle to:

a

The Equator.

b

The Antarctic Circle, which is at a latitude of 66.5 \degree \text{S}.

Applications
11

A sailor started his journey from position \left(27 \degree \text{N},146 \degree \text{E} \right) and continued along the same line of longitude until he arrived on an island with a latitude of 18 \degree \text{N}.

a

Find the angular distance he covered.

b

Find the distance he covered to the nearest \text{km}, given that the radius of the Earth is 6400 \text{ km}.

12

A plane flies due South, from Cairns to Townsville. The table attached displays the coordinates of each city:

What is the distance the plane has travelled to the nearest kilometre?

Assume the radius of the Earth is 6400 \text{ km}.

\text{Cairns}16 \degree \text{S}145 \degree \text{E}
\text{Canberra}35 \degree \text{S}148 \degree \text{E}
\text{Geelong}43 \degree \text{S}144 \degree \text{E}
\text{Hobart}42 \degree \text{S}148 \degree \text{E}
\text{Melbourne}37\degree \text{S}144 \degree \text{E}
\text{Portland}45 \degree \text{N}122 \degree \text{W}
\text{San Francisco}37 \degree \text{N}122 \degree \text{W}
\text{Seattle}47 \degree \text{N}122 \degree \text{W}
\text{Townsville}19 \degree \text{S}145 \degree \text{E}
\text{Vancouver}49 \degree \text{N}122 \degree \text{W}
13

Quentin wants to know the how long it will take him to travel between Stockholm \left( 59 \degree N, 18 \degree E\right) and Cape Town \left( 34 \degree S, 18 \degree E\right).

Find the time it will take to fly between the two cities if the plane travels at a speed of 720 \text{ km/h}. Give your answer in hours correct to two decimal places.

14

Consider the two points with coordinates of \left(9 \degree \text{S}, 58 \degree \text{W} \right) and \left( 8 \degree \text{N}, 58 \degree \text{W} \right). Assume the radius of the Earth is 6400 \text{ km}.

Find the time it will take to fly between the two points if the plane travels at a speed of 640\text{ km/h}. Give your answer in hours correct to two decimal places.

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Outcomes

4.2.2

use the arc length formula to calculate distances between two places on Earth on the same longitude

4.2.3

determine distances between two places on Earth using appropriate technology

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